Emmanuel de Grouchy

Emmanuel, marquis de Grouchy (23 Oktober 1766 – 29 Mei 1847) adalah seorang jenderal dan marsekal Prancis.

Biografi

Grouchy bergabung dengan divisi artileri Prancis pada tahun 1779 dan dipindahkan ke divisi kavaleri pada tahun 1882. Meskipun ia termasuk keluarga bangsawan dan memiliki koneksi dengan istana, tetapi ia bersimpati dengan para pejuang revolusi.

Pada saat pecah perang tahun 1792, ia menjadi kolonel dalam sebuah resimen kavaleri yang dikirim ke perbatasan di tenggara. Dia dipromosikan menjadi Jenderal Divisi pada tahun 1783.

Lihat pula

Karya

Observations sur la relation de la campagne de 1815 par le général de Gourgaud (1818)
Refutation de quelques articles des mémoires de M. le Duc de Rovigo (1829)
Fragments Historiques Relatifs a la Campagne de 1815 et a la Bataille de Waterloo (1829–1830)
Reclamation du marchal de Grouchy (1834)
Plainte contre le general Baron Berthezkne

l b s Marshals dari Kekaisaran Napoleon (1804 - 1815)
	Augereau Bernadotte Berthier Bessières Brune Davout Gouvion Saint-Cyr Grouchy Jourdan Kellermann Lannes Lefebvre MacDonald Marmont Masséna Moncey Mortier Murat Ney Oudinot Pérignon Poniatowski Sérurier Soult Suchet Victor

Revolusi Prancis

Peristiwa sipil dan politik yang signifikan menurut tahun
1788	Day of the Tiles (7 Jun 1788) Assembly of Vizille (21 Jul 1788)
1789	What Is the Third Estate? (Jan 1789) Réveillon riots (28 Apr 1789) Convocation of the Estates-General (5 May 1789) Death of the Dauphin (4 June 1789) National Assembly (17 Jun – 9 Jul 1790) Tennis Court Oath (20 Jun 1789) National Constituent Assembly (9 Jul – 30 Sep 1791) Storming of the Bastille (14 Jul 1789) Great Fear (20 Jul – 5 Aug 1789) Abolition of Feudalism (4-11 Aug 1789) Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen (27 Aug 1789) Women's March on Versailles (5 Oct 1789)
1790	Abolition of the Parlements (Feb–Jul 1790) Abolition of the Nobility (19 Jun 1790) Civil Constitution of the Clergy (12 Jul 1790) Fête de la Fédération (14 Jul 1790)
1791	Flight to Varennes (20–21 Jun 1791) Champ de Mars Massacre (17 Jul 1791) Declaration of Pillnitz (27 Aug 1791) The Constitution of 1791 (3 Sep 1791) Legislative Assembly (1 Oct 1791 – Sep 1792)
1792	France declares war (20 Apr 1792) Brunswick Manifesto (25 Jul 1792) Paris Commune becomes insurrectionary (Jun 1792) 10th of August (10 Aug 1792) September Massacres (Sep 1792) National Convention (20 Sep 1792 – 26 Oct 1795) First republic declared (22 Sep 1792)
1793	Execution of Louis XVI (21 Jan 1793) Revolutionary Tribunal (9 Mar 1793 – 31 May 1795) Reign of Terror (27 Jun 1793 – 27 Jul 1794) Committee of Public Safety Committee of General Security Fall of the Girondists (2 Jun 1793) Assassination of Marat (13 Jul 1793) Levée en masse (23 Aug 1793) The Death of Marat (painting) Law of Suspects (17 Sep 1793) Marie Antoinette is guillotined (16 Oct 1793) Anti-clerical laws (throughout the year)
1794	Danton and Desmoulins guillotined (5 Apr 1794) Law of 22 Prairial (10 Jun 1794) Thermidorian Reaction (27 Jul 1794) Robespierre guillotined (28 Jul 1794) White Terror (Fall 1794) Closing of the Jacobin Club (11 Nov 1794)
1795	Constitution of the Year III (22 Aug 1795) Conspiracy of the Equals (Nov 1795) Directoire (1795–99) Council of Five Hundred Council of Ancients 13 Vendémiaire 5 Oct 1795
1797	Coup of 18 Fructidor (4 Sep 1797) Second Congress of Rastatt (Dec 1797)
1799	Coup of 30 Prairial VII (18 Jun 1799) Coup of 18 Brumaire (9 Nov 1799) Constitution of the Year VIII (24 Dec 1799) Consulate

Operasi militer revolusioner
1792	Verdun Thionville Valmy Royalist Revolts Chouannerie Vendée Dauphiné Lille Siege of Mainz Jemappes Namur [fr]
1793	Koalisi Pertama Vendée Neerwinden Battle of Famars (23 May 1793) Expédition de Sardaigne (21 Dec 1792 - 25 May 1793) Pertempuran Kaiserslautern Siege of Mainz Battle of Wattignies Battle of Hondschoote Siege of Bellegarde Battle of Peyrestortes (Pyrenees) Pengepungan Toulon (18 Sep – 18 Dec 1793) First Battle of Wissembourg (13 Oct 1793) Pertempuran Truillas (Pyrenees) Second Battle of Wissembourg (26–27 Dec 1793)
1794	Battle of Villers-en-Cauchies (24 Apr 1794) Pertempuran Boulou (Pyrenees) (30 Apr – 1 May 1794) Battle of Tourcoing (18 May 1794) Battle of Tournay (22 May 1794) Battle of Fleurus (26 Jun 1794) Chouannerie Battle of Aldenhoven (2 Oct 1794)
1795	Perdamaian Basel
1796	Battle of Lonato (3–4 Aug 1796) Pertempuran Castiglione (5 Aug 1796) Battle of Theiningen Battle of Neresheim (11 Aug 1796) Battle of Amberg (24 Aug 1796) Battle of Würzburg (3 Sep 1796) Battle of Rovereto (4 Sep 1796) First Battle of Bassano (8 Sep 1796) Battle of Emmendingen (19 Oct 1796) Battle of Schliengen (26 Oct 1796) Second Battle of Bassano (6 Nov 1796) Pertempuran Calliano (6–7 Nov 1796) Battle of the Bridge of Arcole (15–17 Nov 1796) The Ireland Expedition (Dec 1796)
1797	Naval Engagement off Brittany (13 Jan 1797) Pertempuran Rivoli (14–15 Jan 1797) Battle of the Bay of Cádiz (25 Jan 1797) Perjanjian Leoben (17 Apr 1797) Battle of Neuwied (18 Apr 1797) Treaty of Campo Formio (17 Oct 1797)
1798	French invasion of Switzerland (28 January – 17 May 1798) French Invasion of Egypt (1798–1801) Irish Rebellion of 1798 (23 May – 23 Sep 1798) Quasi-War (1798–1800) Peasants' War (12 Oct – 5 Dec 1798)
1799	Koalisi Kedua (1798–1802) Siege of Acre (20 Mar – 21 May 1799) Battle of Ostrach (20–21 Mar 1799) Battle of Stockach (25 Mar 1799) Battle of Magnano (5 Apr 1799) Battle of Cassano (27 Apr 1799) First Battle of Zurich (4–7 Jun 1799) Battle of Trebbia (19 Jun 1799) Battle of Novi (15 Aug 1799) Second Battle of Zurich (25–26 Sep 1799)
1800	Pertempuran Marengo (14 Jun 1800) Convention of Alessandria (15 Jun 1800) Pertempuran Hohenlinden (3 Dec 1800) League of Armed Neutrality (1800–02)
1801	Perjanjian Lunéville (9 Feb 1801) Perjanjian Florence (18 Mar 1801) Kampanye Algeciras (8 Jul 1801)
1802	Perjanjian Amiens (25 Mar 1802)

Pemimpin militer

Angkatan Darat
Prancis

French Navy

Charles-Alexandre Linois

Opposition

Austria	József Alvinczi Charles, Adipati Teschen Count of Clerfayt (Walloon) Karl Aloys zu Fürstenberg Friedrich Freiherr von Hotze (Swiss) Friedrich Adolf, Count von Kalckreuth Pál Kray (Hungarian) Charles Eugene, Prince of Lambesc (French) Maximilian Baillet de Latour (Walloon) Karl Mack von Leiberich Rudolf Ritter von Otto (Saxon) Prince Josias of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld Peter Vitus von Quosdanovich Prince Heinrich XV of Reuss-Plauen Johann Mészáros von Szoboszló (Hungarian) Karl Philipp Sebottendorf Dagobert von Wurmser
Britania Raya	Sir Ralph Abercromby Laksamana Sir James Saumarez Laksamana Sir Edward Pellew Pangeran Frederick, Adipati York dan Albany
Republik Belanda	William V, Pangeran Oranye
Prusia	Charles William Ferdinand, Adipati Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel Frederick Louis, Pangeran Hohenlohe-Ingelfingen
Rusia	Alexander Korsakov Alexander Suvorov
Spanyol	Luis Firmín de Carvajal Antonio Ricardos

Tokoh dan faksi berpengaruh lainnya
Society of 1789	Jean Sylvain Bailly Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette François Alexandre Frédéric, duc de la Rochefoucauld-Liancourt Isaac René Guy le Chapelier Honoré Gabriel Riqueti, comte de Mirabeau Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès Charles-Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord Nicolas de Condorcet
Feuillants and monarchiens	Madame de Lamballe Madame du Barry Louis de Breteuil Loménie de Brienne Charles Alexandre de Calonne de Chateaubriand Jean Chouan Grace Elliott Arnaud de La Porte Jean-Sifrein Maury Jacques Necker François-Marie, marquis de Barthélemy Guillaume-Mathieu Dumas Antoine Barnave Lafayette Alexandre-Théodore-Victor, comte de Lameth Charles Malo François Lameth André Chénier Jean-François Rewbell Camille Jordan Madame de Staël Boissy d'Anglas Jean-Charles Pichegru Pierre Paul Royer-Collard
Girondis	Jacques Pierre Brissot Roland de La Platière Madame Roland Father Henri Grégoire Étienne Clavière Marquis de Condorcet Charlotte Corday Marie Jean Hérault Jean Baptiste Treilhard Pierre Victurnien Vergniaud Bertrand Barère de Vieuzac Jérôme Pétion de Villeneuve Jean Debry Jean-Jacques Duval d'Eprémesnil Olympe de Gouges Jean-Baptiste Robert Lindet Louis Marie de La Révellière-Lépeaux
The Plain	Abbé Sieyès de Cambacérès Charles François Lebrun Lazare Nicolas Marguerite Carnot Philippe Égalité Louis Philippe I Mirabeau Antoine Christophe Merlin de Thionville Jean Joseph Mounier Pierre Samuel du Pont de Nemours François de Neufchâteau
Montagnards	Maximilien Robespierre Georges Danton Jean-Paul Marat Camille Desmoulins Louis Antoine de Saint-Just Paul Nicolas, vicomte de Barras Louis Philippe I Louis Michel le Peletier de Saint-Fargeau Jacques-Louis David Marquis de Sade Georges Couthon Roger Ducos Jean-Marie Collot d'Herbois Jean-Henri Voulland Philippe-Antoine Merlin de Douai Antoine Quentin Fouquier-Tinville Philippe-François-Joseph Le Bas Marc-Guillaume Alexis Vadier Jean-Pierre-André Amar Prieur de la Côte-d'Or Prieur de la Marne Gilbert Romme Jean Bon Saint-André Jean-Lambert Tallien Pierre Louis Prieur Bertrand Barère de Vieuzac Antoine Christophe Saliceti
Hébertists dan Enragés	Jacques Hébert Jacques-Nicolas Billaud-Varenne Pierre Gaspard Chaumette Charles-Philippe Ronsin Antoine-François Momoro François-Nicolas Vincent François Chabot Jean Baptiste Noël Bouchotte Jean-Baptiste-Joseph Gobel François Hanriot Jacques Roux Stanislas-Marie Maillard Charles-Philippe Ronsin Jean-François Varlet Theophile Leclerc Claire Lacombe Pauline Léon Gracchus Babeuf Sylvain Maréchal
Others	Charles X Louis XVI Louis XVII Louis XVIII Louis Antoine, Adipati Enghien Louis Henri, Prince of Condé Louis Joseph, Prince of Condé Marie Antoinette Napoléon Bonaparte Lucien Bonaparte Joseph Bonaparte Joseph Fesch Joséphine de Beauharnais Joachim Murat Jean Sylvain Bailly Jacques-Donatien Le Ray Guillaume-Chrétien de Malesherbes Talleyrand Thérésa Tallien Gui-Jean-Baptiste Target Catherine Théot List of people associated with the Revolusi Prancis

Pemikir berpengaruh
Les Lumières Beaumarchais Edmund Burke Anacharsis Cloots Charles-Augustin de Coulomb Pierre Claude François Daunou Diderot Benjamin Franklin Thomas Jefferson Antoine Lavoisier Montesquieu Thomas Paine Jean-Jacques Rousseau Abbé Sieyès Voltaire Mary Wollstonecraft

Efek budaya

Basis data pengawasan otoritas
Internasional	ISNI VIAF GND FAST WorldCat
Nasional	Amerika Serikat Prancis Data BnF Republik Ceko Polandia Israel Belgia
Orang	Deutsche Biographie DDB
Lain-lain	IdRef SNAC Yale LUX