Dekarburisasi adalah proses yang berlawanan dengan karburisasi, yakni pengurangan kandungan karbon. Istilah tersebut biasanya dipakai dalam metalurgi, mendeskripsikan pengurangan kandungan karbon pada metal (biasanya baja). Dekarburisasi terjadi saat metal memanas pada suhu 700 °C atau lebih saat karbon dalam metal berreaksi dengan gas-gas yang mengandung oksigen dan hidrogen.[1]
Reaksi kimia
Reaksi paling umum adalah:
-
C
+
CO
2
↽
−
−
⇀
2
CO
{\displaystyle {\ce {C + CO2 <=> 2CO}}}
![{\displaystyle {\mathrm {C} {}+{}\mathrm {CO} {\vphantom {A}}_{\smash[{t}]{2}}{}\mathrel {\longrightleftharpoons } {}2\,\mathrm {CO} }}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/0a48abb79885df006d1aa415c898f21ad2b9d81d)
juga disebut reaksi Boudouard
-
C
+
H
2
O
↽
−
−
⇀
CO
+
H
2
{\displaystyle {\ce {C + H2O <=> CO + H2}}}
![{\displaystyle {\mathrm {C} {}+{}\mathrm {H} {\vphantom {A}}_{\smash[{t}]{2}}\mathrm {O} {}\mathrel {\longrightleftharpoons } {}\mathrm {CO} {}+{}\mathrm {H} {\vphantom {A}}_{\smash[{t}]{2}}}}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/f4e5a922a82714d9370963001a83a5820a4500a3)
-
C
+
2
H
2
↽
−
−
⇀
CH
4
{\displaystyle {\ce {C + 2H2 <=> CH4}}}
![{\displaystyle {\mathrm {C} {}+{}2\,\mathrm {H} {\vphantom {A}}_{\smash[{t}]{2}}{}\mathrel {\longrightleftharpoons } {}\mathrm {CH} {\vphantom {A}}_{\smash[{t}]{4}}}}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/e37aece352ee9d59397ad6d2129cd12c2d3bdd43)
Reaksi lainnya adalah[1]
-
C
+
1
2
O
2
⟶
CO
{\displaystyle {\ce {C + 1/2O2 -> CO}}}
![{\displaystyle {\mathrm {C} {}+{}{\mathchoice {\textstyle {\frac {1}{2}}}{\frac {1}{2}}{\frac {1}{2}}{\frac {1}{2}}}\,\mathrm {O} {\vphantom {A}}_{\smash[{t}]{2}}{}\mathrel {\longrightarrow } {}\mathrm {CO} }}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/641b56000d160a844296ad71e86905ca0b380e91)
-
C
+
O
2
⟶
CO
2
{\displaystyle {\ce {C + O2 -> CO2}}}
![{\displaystyle {\mathrm {C} {}+{}\mathrm {O} {\vphantom {A}}_{\smash[{t}]{2}}{}\mathrel {\longrightarrow } {}\mathrm {CO} {\vphantom {A}}_{\smash[{t}]{2}}}}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/2bdc98c8c974216027185b29eeab09447cbfabc8)
-
C
+
FeO
⟶
CO
+
Fe
{\displaystyle {\ce {C + FeO -> CO + Fe}}}
Referensi
- 1 2 Shvartsman, L.A. (1973). "Decarburization". The Great Soviet Encyclopedia (Print) (Edisi 3rd). New York: Macmillan. Available in English here and in the original Russian here.[pranala nonaktif permanen]