Mahmud dari Ghazni

Nama lengkap
Yamīn-ud-Dawla Abul-Qāṣim (یمین الدولہ ابو لقاسم "Pria tangan kanan negara") Maḥmūd ibn Sebüktegīn ("Mahmud, putra Sebutegin")

Persia

یمین‌الدوله ابوالقاسم محمود بن سبکتگین

Dinasti

Ghaznawiyah

Agama

Sunni Islam

Karier militer

Lama dinas

s. 998–1030

Penghargaan

Jubah kehormatan dari Khalifah Al-Qadir pada 1000 Masehi.

Mahmud dari Ghazni (bahasa Persia:محمود غزنوی; 2 November 971 – 30 April 1030) atau Mahmud Ghaznavi^[1] adalah pendiri dinasti Turkic Ghaznawiyah,^[2]^[3] yang berkuasa dari 998 sampai 1030. Pada masa kematiannya, kerajaannya berubah menjadi kekaisaran militer yang luas, yang terbentang dari barat laut Iran sampai Punjab di anak benua India, Khwarazm di Transoxiana, dan Makran.

Referensi

↑ Sharma, Ramesh Chandra (1994). The Splendour of Mathurā Art and Museum (dalam bahasa Inggris). D.K. Printworld. hlm. 39. ISBN 978-81-246-0015-3.
↑ Homa Katouzian, "Iranian history and politics", Published by Routledge, 2003. p. 128: "Indeed, since the formation of the Ghaznavids state in the tenth century until the fall of Qajars at the beginning of the twentieth century, most parts of the Iranian cultural regions were ruled by Turkic-speaking dynasties most of the time.
↑ C.E.Bosworth, "The Ghaznavids: 994–1040", Edinburgh University Press, 1963; p.4

Sumber

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Bosworth, C. Edmund (1983). "Abu'l-Ḥasan Esfarāʾīnī". Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. I, Fasc. 3. hlm. 303–304.
Bosworth, C.E. (1991). "Mahmud bin Sebuktigin". Encyclopedia of Islam. VI. E.J.Brill.
Bosworth, C. Edmund (2012). "Maḥmud b. Sebüktegin". Encyclopaedia Iranica.
Nazim, M.; Bosworth, C. Edmund (1991). "The Encyclopedia of Islam, Volume 6, Fascicules 107–108". The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Vol. VI. Brill. hlm. 1–1044. ISBN 90-04-08112-7.
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Nazim, Muhammad (1931). The Life and Times of Sultan Mahmud of Ghazna. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-107-45659-4. {{cite book}}: Ketidakcocokan ISBN / tanggal
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Pranala luar

Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai Mahmud of Ghazni.

UCLA website
Mahmud of Ghazna Columbia Encyclopedia (Sixth Edition)
Mahmud Encyclopædia Britannica (Online Edition)
Ghaznavid Dynasty Encyclopædia Britannica (Online Edition)
Ghaznavids and Ghurids Encyclopædia Britannica (Online Edition)
Mahmud Ghazni
History of Iran: Ghaznevid Dynasty
Rewriting history and Mahmud of Ghazni
Online Copy:Last Accessed 11 October 2007 Elliot, Sir H. M., Edited by Dowson, John. The History of India, as Told by Its Own Historians. The Muhammadan Period
Tarikh Yamini, or Kitabu-l Yami of Abu Nasr Muhammad ibn Muhammad al Jabbaru-l 'Utbi.

l b s Sultan Ghaznawiyah
Sabuktigin Ismail Mahmud Muhammad Mas'ud I Muhammad Mawdud Mas'ud II Ali Abd al-Rashid Toghrul Farrukh-Zad Ibrahim Mas'ud III Shir-Zad Arslan-Shah Bahram-Shah Khusrau Shah Khusrau Malik