| Kacapiring | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Gardenia jasminoides | |
Klasifikasi ilmiah  | |
| Kerajaan: | Plantae |
| Klad: | Tracheophyta |
| Klad: | Angiospermae |
| Klad: | Eudikotil |
| Klad: | Asteridae |
| Ordo: | Gentianales |
| Famili: | Rubiaceae |
| Subfamili: | Ixoroideae |
| Tribus: | Gardenieae |
| Genus: | Gardenia J.Ellis |
| Species | |
|
Lihat teks. | |
Gardenia atau kacapiring adalah suatu genus tumbuhan berbunga dalam keluarga tumbuhan kopi, Rubiaceae, yang berhabitat alami di daerah tropik dan subtropik Afrika, Asia, Madagaskar dan Pacific Islands.[1] Nama genus ini diberikan oleh Carl Linnaeus dan John Ellis berdasarkan nama Dr. Alexander Garden (1730-1791), seorang naturalis kelahiran Skotlandia yang kemudian berdiam di Amerika Serikat.[2]
Spesies
HinggaMaret 2014[update] The Plant List mengakui 140 spesies (termasuk nama infraspesifik):[3]
- Gardenia actinocarpa Puttock
- Gardenia anapetes A.C.Sm.
- Gardenia angkorensis Pit.
- Gardenia annamensis Pit.
- Gardenia aqualla Stapf & Hutch.
- Gardenia archboldiana Merr. & L.M.Perry
- Gardenia artensis Montrouz.
- Gardenia aubryi Vieill.
- Gardenia barnesii Merr.
- Gardenia beamanii Y.W.Low
- Gardenia boninensis (Nakai) Tuyama ex T.Yamaz.
- Gardenia brachythamnus (K.Schum.) Launert
- Gardenia brighamii H.Mann - Nānū (Hawaiʻi)
- Gardenia buffalina (Lour.) Poir. in J.B.A.M.de Lamarck (= Genipa buffalina)
- Gardenia cambodiana Pit.
- Gardenia candida A.C.Sm.
- Gardenia carinata Wall. ex Roxb. India, Malaya.
- Gardenia carstensensis Wernham
- Gardenia chanii Y.W.Low
- Gardenia chevalieri Pit.
- Gardenia clemensiae Merr. & L.M.Perry
- Gardenia collinsae Craib
- Gardenia colnettiana Guillaumin
- Gardenia conferta Guillaumin
- Gardenia cornuta Hemsl. (Natal Gardenia). South Africa.
- Gardenia coronaria Buch.-Ham.
- Gardenia costulata Ridl.
- Gardenia crameri Tirveng.
- Gardenia cuneata Kurz
- Gardenia dacryoides A.Cunn. ex Puttock
- Gardenia deplanchei Vieill. ex Guillaumin
- Gardenia dolichantha Merr.
- Gardenia elata Ridl.
- Gardenia epiphytica Jongkind
- Gardenia erubescens Stapf & Hutch.
- Gardenia esculenta Stokes
- Gardenia ewartii Puttock
- Gardenia faucicola Puttock
- Gardenia fiorii Chiov.
- Gardenia flava (Lour.) Poir. in J.B.A.M.de Lamarck (= Genipa flava)
- Gardenia forsteniana Miq.
- Gardenia fosbergii Tirveng.
- Gardenia fucata R.Br. ex Benth.
- Gardenia fusca Geddes
- Gardenia gardneri Puttock
- Gardenia gjellerupii Valeton
- Gardenia gordonii Baker
- Gardenia grandis Korth.
- Gardenia grievei Horne ex Baker
- Gardenia griffithii Hook.f.
- Gardenia gummifera L.f. India. Small tree, to 3 m high.
- Gardenia hageniana Gilli
- Gardenia hainanensis Merr.
- Gardenia hansemannii K.Schum.
- Gardenia hillii Horne ex Baker
- Gardenia hutchinsoniana Turrill – Fiji
- Gardenia imperialis K.Schum. Tropical Africa. Small tree to 12 m.
- subsp. physophylla (K.Schum.) L.Pauwels
- Gardenia invaginata Merr. & L.M.Perry
- Gardenia ixorifolia R.Br. ex Hook.f.
- Gardenia jabiluka Puttock
- Gardenia jasminoides J.Ellis – Kacapiring
- Gardenia kakaduensis Puttock
- Gardenia kamialiensis Takeuchi
- Gardenia lacciflua K.Krause
- Gardenia lamingtonii F.M.Bailey
- Gardenia lanutoo Reinecke
- Gardenia latifolia Aiton India. Shrub or tree, 5–10 m high.
- Gardenia leopoldiana De Wild. & T.Durand
- Gardenia leschenaultii D.Dietr.
- Gardenia magnifica Geddes
- Gardenia mannii H.St.John & Kuykendall (Hawaiʻi)
- Gardenia maugaloae Lauterb.
- Gardenia megasperma F.Muell.
- Gardenia mollis Schltr.
- Gardenia moszkowskii Valeton
- Gardenia mutabilis Reinw. ex Blume
- Gardenia ngoyensis Schltr.
- Gardenia nitida Hook.
- Gardenia obtusifolia Roxb. ex Hook.f.
- Gardenia ornata K.M.Wong
- Gardenia oudiepe Vieill.
- Gardenia ovularis F.M.Bailey
- Gardenia pallens Merr. & L.M.Perry
- Gardenia panduriformis Pierre ex Pit.
- Gardenia papuana F.M.Bailey
- Gardenia philastrei Pierre ex Pit.
- Gardenia posoquerioides S.Moore
- Gardenia propinqua Lindl.
- Gardenia pseudoternifolia Valeton
- Gardenia psidioides Puttock
- Gardenia pterocalyx Valeton
- Gardenia pyriformis A.Cunn. ex Benth.
- subsp. keartlandii (Tate) Puttock
- Gardenia racemulosa Korth.
- Gardenia reinwardtiana Blume
- Gardenia remyi H.Mann (Hawaiʻi)
- Gardenia resinifera Roth (Brilliant Gardenia, Cambi Resin Tree, or dikamali) India. Shrub or small tree, to 3 m high. (= G. lucida, Genipa resinifera)
- Gardenia resiniflua Hiern (Gummy Gardenia). South Africa.
- Gardenia resinosa F.Muell.
- Gardenia rupicola Puttock
- Gardenia rutenbergiana (Baill. ex Vatke) J.-F.Leroy (= Genipa rutenbergiana)
- Gardenia saxatilis Geddes
- Gardenia scabrella Puttock far north Queensland- used in amenities plantings in Cairns
- Gardenia schlechteri Bonati & Petitm.
- Gardenia schwarzii Puttock
- Gardenia sericea Puttock
- Gardenia similis (Craib) Craib
- Gardenia siphonocalyx Valeton
- Gardenia sokotensis Hutch.
- Gardenia sootepensis Hutch.
- Gardenia stenophylla Merr.
- Gardenia stipulosa Zoll. & Moritzi
- Gardenia storckii Oliv.
- Gardenia subacaulis Stapf & Hutch.
- Gardenia subcarinata (Corner) Y.W.Low
- Gardenia succosa Baker
- Gardenia taitensis DC. (Tahitian Gardenia, Tiare māori). Polynesia.
- Gardenia tannaensis Guillaumin
- Gardenia ternifolia Schumach. & Thonn. (Large-leaved Transvaal Gardenia). Sudano-Zambezian savannas and woodlands.
- var. goetzei (Stapf & Hutch.) Verdc.
- subsp. jovis-tonantis (Welw.) Verdc. (= G. jovis-tonantis, Genipa jovis-tonantis)
- Gardenia tessellaris Puttock
- Gardenia thailandica Tirveng.
- Gardenia thunbergia Thunb. (White Gardenia, Forest Gardenia, or witkatjiepiering) South Africa. Shrub or small tree, 2–5 m high.
- Gardenia tinneae Kotschy & Heuglin
- Gardenia transvenulosa Verdc.
- Gardenia trochainii Sillans
- Gardenia tropidocarpa Wernham
- Gardenia truncata Craib
- Gardenia tubifera Wall. ex Roxb. (Golden Gardenia). Southeastern Asia. Small tree to 15 m high.
- Gardenia urvillei Montrouz.
- Gardenia vernicosa Merr. & L.M.Perry
- Gardenia vilhelmii Domin
- Gardenia vitiensis Seem. (Fijian Gardenia) Fiji.
- Gardenia vogelii Hook.f.
- Gardenia volkensii K.Schum. (Transvaal Gardenia or Savanna Gardenia). Tropical Africa.
- var. saundersiae (N.E.Br.) Verdc.
- subsp. spathulifolia (Stapf & Hutch.) Verdc.
- Gardenia vulcanica K.M.Wong
Pembiakan dan kegunaan
Tumbuhan Gardenia disenangi karena bau bunga yang harum, dan bunganya berukuran besar pada sejumlah spesies.
Galeri
Gardenia brighamii
Gardenia jasminoides 'Plena'
Gardenia jasminoidesl 'Radicans'
Gardenia psidioides
Gardenia taitensis
Gardenia thunbergia karya Edith Struben (1868-1936)
Bunga Gardenia volkensii
Gardenia volkensii bunga, daun, buah
Lihat pula
Referensi
- ↑ Tao Chen; Charlotte M. Taylor, "Gardenia J. Ellis, Philos. Trans. 51: 935. 1761", Flora of China online, vol. 19, diarsipkan dari versi aslinya tanggal 2023-06-02, diakses tanggal 2016-10-17
- ↑ Ellis, John (1759). Diarsipkan 2023-07-28 di Wayback Machine "An Account of the Plants Halesia and Gardenia: In a Letter from John Ellis, Esq; F. R. S. to Philip Carteret Webb, Esq; F. R. S." Phil Trans R Soc 1759 51: 929-935.
- ↑ "Gardenia". The Plant List. Diarsipkan dari versi aslinya tanggal 2017-09-05. Diakses tanggal 2014-03-06.
Pranala luar
Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai Gardenia.
- World Checklist of Rubiaceae Diarsipkan 2021-03-31 di Wayback Machine
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