Heinrich Graetz

Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.

Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.
Heinrich Graetz
Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.

Temple name (en)	Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.
Posthumous name (en)	Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.
Biografi
Kelompok	manusia
Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.
Kelahiran	Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'. 31 Oktober 1817 Gmina Książ Wielkopolski (Kerajaan Prusia)
Kematian	7 September 1891 (73 tahun) Munich ()
Penyebab kematian	Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.
Tempat pemakaman	Old Jewish Cemetery
Data pribadi
Kelompok etnik	Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.
Ideologi politik	Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.
Agama	Yudaisme
Pendidikan	Universitas Jena University of Wrocław (en)
Tangan utama	Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.
Warna mata	Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.
Warna rambut	Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.
Kegiatan
Tesis akademis	[Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'. Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.] (Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.)
Penasihat doktoral	Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.
Spesialisasi	Sejarah Yahudi
Pekerjaan	sejarawan,dosen,Rabi,teolog,filolog
Periode	Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.
Periode aktif	(Floruit: Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.)
Bekerja di	University of Wrocław (en)
Partai politik	Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.
Tertarik dengan	Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.
Genre	Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.
Aliran	Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.
Murid dari	Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.
Murid	Markus Brann
Dipengaruhi oleh	Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.
Nama pena	Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.
Diwakili oleh	Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.
Gaji pokok	Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.
Total kekayaan	Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.
Kesetiaan	Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.
Cabang militer	Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.
Pangkat militer	Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.
Komando	Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.
Konflik	Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.
Time in space (en)	Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.
Aktivitas luar kendaraan	Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.
P450	Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.
Ordo keagamaan	Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.
Priestly ordination in the Roman rite (en)	Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.
Konsekrasi	Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.
Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.
Celebration (en)	Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.
Ziarah	Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.
Tanggal perayaan	Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.
Iconographic symbol (en)	Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.
Domain of saint or deity (en)	Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.
Tipe suara	Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.
Instrumen	Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.
Label rekaman	Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.
Related artists (en)	Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.
Musical conductor (en)	Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.
Patron of the arts (en)	Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.
Membela negara (untuk olahraga)	Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.
Olahraga	Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.
Disiplin olahraga berkompetisi pada	Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.
Competition class (en)	Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.
Liga	Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.
Posisi dalam tim	Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.
Tangan main	Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.
Nomor punggung	Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.
Co-driver (en)	Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.
Kepala pelatih	Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.
Drafted by (en)	Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.
Kit supplier (en)	Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.
Karya kreatif
Karya terkenal History of the Jews (en)
Murid doktoral	Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.
Singkatan nama ahli botani	Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.
Singkatan nama zoologi	Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.
Lain-lain
Gelar bangsawan	Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.
Keluarga	Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.
Pasangan nikah	Marie Monasch
Kekasih	Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.
Anak	Kesalahan ekspresi: Operator < tak terduga
Orang tua	Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'., Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.
Saudara	Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.
Kerabat	Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.
Tuntutan hukum yang diterima	Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.
Dinyatakan bersalah atas	Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.
Tanda tangan [[Berkas:Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.|220x250px|alt=]]
[[Berkas:Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.|100px|alt= Lambang kebesaran Heinrich Graetz]]
Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.
Templat:Escoltar
Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'. Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'. Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'. Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'. Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'. Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'. Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'. Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'. Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'. Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'. Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'. Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'. Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'. Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'. Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'. Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'. Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'. Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'. Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'. Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'. Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'. Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'. Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'. Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'. Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'. Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'. Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'. Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'. Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'. Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'. Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'. Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'. Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'. Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'. Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'. Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'. Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'. Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'. Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'. Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'. Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'. Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'. Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'. Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'. Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'. Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'. Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'. Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'. Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'. Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'. Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'. Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'. Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.

Heinrich Graetz (Jerman:[ɡʁɛts]; 31 Oktober 1817 – 7 September 1891)^[1] adalah salah satu sejarawan pertama yang menulis sejarah komprehensif orang Yahudi dari sudut pandang Yahudi.

Lahir dengan nama Tzvi Hirsch Graetz dari keluarga tukang daging di Xions (kini Książ Wielkopolski), Keharyaptihan Posen, Prusia (kini di Polandia), ia masuk Universitas Breslau, namun karena Yahudi pada masa itu dilarang menerima gelar doktor disana, ia menerima gelar dokterandes dari Universitas Jena.^[2] Setelah 1845, ia menjadi kepala sekolah Yahudi Ortodoks dari komunitas Breslau, dan kemudian mengajar sejarah di Seminari Teologi Yahudi Breslau (kini Wrocław, Polandia).

Daftar pustaka

• Geschichte der Juden von den ältesten Zeiten bis auf die Gegenwart: 11 vols. (History of the Jews; ¹1853–75), impr. and ext. ed., Leipzig: Leiner, ²1900, reprint of the edition of last hand (1900): Berlin: arani, 1998, ISBN3-7605-8673-2.

Catatan

Referensi

• Artikel ini memadukan teks dari Jewish Encyclopedia 1901–1906  article "Graetz, Heinrich (Hirsch)", sebuah terbitan yang kini berada di ranah publik.
• Bibliography: Rippner, in the third edition of the first volume of Graetz's Geschichte;
• I. Abrahams, "H. Graetz, the Jewish Historian," The Jewish Quarterly Review, Vol. 4 (Jan. 1892), pp. 165–203.
• Ph. Bloch, in the Index volume of the English translation of Graetz's work, History of the Jews Philadelphia, 1898;
• M. Wiener, Zur Würdigung des verfahrens G. . ., in Ben Chananja, 1863, Nos. 22, 23.
• S. W. Baron, History and Jewish Historians, 1964.
• Jeffrey C. Blutinger, Writing for the Masses: Heinrich Graetz, the Popularization of Jewish History, and the Reception of National Judaism. Ph.D. diss. (UCLA, 2003).
• Marcus Pyka, Jüdische Identität bei Heinrich Graetz (Göttingen 2008) (Jüdische Religion, Geschichte und Kultur (JRGK), 5).

Pranala luar

• Media terkait Heinrich Graetz di Wikimedia Commons
• Complete German text (all 11 volumes) of the History of the Jews, including a biography of Graetz Diarsipkan 2023-06-15 di Wayback Machine.
• Karya Heinrich Graetz di Project Gutenberg
• Karya oleh/tentang Heinrich Graetz di Internet Archive(pencarian dioptimalkan untuk situs non-Beta)
• Who Was Heinrich Graetz? Diarsipkan 2016-08-09 di Wayback Machine. by Dr. Henry Abramson

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