Kawasaki Ki-61 Hien (飛燕, "Burung layang-layang terbang") adalah pesawat tempur berbasis darat dalam Perang Dunia II milik Kekaisaran Jepang yang digunakan oleh Pasukan Udara Angkatan Darat Kekaisaran Jepang. Laporan pertemuan pertama mengklaim Ki-61s adalah Messerschmitt Bf 109: Laporan lebih lanjut menyatakan bahwa pesawat baru adalah desain Italia, yang menyebabkan nama Sekutu pelaporan "Tony", oleh Departemen Perang Amerika Serikat.[1] Disebut oleh Angkatan Darat Jepang sebagai "Type Army 3 Fighter" (三式戦闘機).[2] ini adalah satu-satunya pesawat tempur yang diproduksi secara massal oleh Jepang untuk menggunakan mesin liquid-cooled inline V. Lebih dari 3.000 Ki-61s diproduksi. Prototipe awal melihat aksi lebih Yokohama selama Serangan Doolittle pada 18 April 1942, dan terus terbang misi tempur selama perang.[3][4]
Operator
Pasca perang
Referensi
- ↑ Ethell 1995, hlm. 82.
- ↑ Mondey 2006, hlm. 144.
- ↑ Bueschel 1971, hlm. 7. harvnb error: tanpa target: CITEREFBueschel1971 (bantuan)
- ↑ Bueschel 1971, hlm. 6. harvnb error: tanpa target: CITEREFBueschel1971 (bantuan)
- ↑ "Indonesian aviation 1945-1950." Diarsipkan 2008-09-05 di Wayback Machine. adf-serials.com. Retrieved: 23 March 2010.
Datfar pustaka
- Bílý, Miroslav . Kawasaki Ki-61 a Ki.100 (Profily letadel II. Svetové války no.4) (in Czech with English and German captions). Praha, Czech Republic: Modelpres, 1992. ISBN 80-901328-0-4.
- Bueschel, Richard M. Kawasaki Ki.61/Ki.100 Hien in Japanese Army Air Force Service, Aircam Aviation Series No.21. Canterbury, Kent, UK: Osprey Publications Ltd, 1971. ISBN 0-85045-026-8.
- Crosby, Francis. Fighter Aircraft. London: Lorenz Books, 2002. ISBN 0-7548-0990-0.
- Ethell, Jeffrey L. Aircraft of World War II. Glasgow: Collins/Jane's, 1995. ISBN 0-00-470849-0.
- Francillon, Ph.D., René J. Japanese Aircraft of the Pacific War. London: Putnam & Company Ltd., 1970 (2nd edition 1979). ISBN 0-370-30251-6.
- Francillon, Ph.D., René J. "The Kawasaki Ki-61 Hien" Aircraft in Profile, Volume 5, No. 118. Windsor, Berkshire, UK: Profile Publications Ltd., 1966. ASIN B0007KB5AW.
- Gallagher, James P. Meatballs and Dead Birds: A Photo Gallery Of Destroyed Japanese Aircraft In World War II. Mexhanicsburg, Pennsylvania: Stackpole Books, 2004. ISBN 0-8117-3161-8.
- Gibertini, Giorgio. "Rondini Giapponesi" (in Italian).Aerei Nella Storia N.8, August 1998. Parma, Italy: West-ward edizioni.
- Green, William. "An Oriental Swallow." Air International, Vol. 9, no. 2, August 1975.
- Green, William. Warplanes of the Second World War, Volume Three: Fighters. London: Macdonald & Co. (Publishers) Ltd., 1961 (seventh impression 1973). ISBN 0-356-01447-9.
- Green, William and Gordon Swanborough. WW2 Aircraft Fact Files: Japanese Army Fighters, Part 1. London: Macdonald and Jane's, 1976. ISBN 0-356-08224-5.
- Gunston, Bill. World Encyclopedia of Aircraft Manufacturers: From the Pioneers to the Present Day. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press, 1993. ISBN 1-55750-939-5.
- Hata, Ikuhiko, Yasuho Izawa and Christopher Shores. Japanese Army Air Force Fighter Units and Their Aces, 1931-1945. London: Grub Street Publishing, 2002. ISBN 978-1-902304-89-2.
- Janowicz, Krzysztof. 68 Sentai (in Polish). Lublin, Poland: Kagero, 2003. ISBN 83-89088-01-0.
- Januszewski, Tadeusz and Adam Jarski. Kawasaki Ki-61 Hien, Monografie Lotnicze 5 (in Polish). Gdańsk, Poland: AJ-Press, 1992. ISSN 0867-7867.
- Mondey, David. The Hamlyn Concise Guide to Axis Aircraft of World War II. London: Bounty Books, 2006. ISBN 0-7537-1460-4.
- Sakaida, Henry. Japanese Army Air Force Aces 1937-45. Botley, Oxford, UK: Osprey Publishing, 1997. ISBN 1-85532-529-2.
- Sakurai, Takashi. Hien Fighter Group: A Pictorial History of the 244th Sentai, Tokyo's Defenders (in Japanese/English). Tokyo: Dai Nippon Kaga, 2004. ISBN unknown.
- Sakurai, Takashi. Rikugun Hiko Dai 244 Sentai Shi (History of the Army 244 Group) (in Japanese). Tokyo: Soubunsha, 1995. ISBN unknown.
- Snedden, Robert. World War II Combat Aircraft. Bristol, UK: Parragon Book, 1997. ISBN 0-7525-1684-1.
- Takaki, Koji and Henry Sakaida. B-29 Hunters of the JAAF. Botley, Oxford, UK: Osprey Publishing, 2001. ISBN 1-84176-161-3
- Tanimura, Masami et al. Kawasaki Ki-61 (Tony). Blaine, Washington: Paul Gaudette, Publisher, 1967.
- Vaccari, Pier Francesco. "Guerra Aerea in Nuova Guinea" (in Italian). Rivista Italiana Difesa, N.8, 2000.
Pranala luar
Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai Kawasaki Ki-61.
- KI-61 article on vectorsite (public domain)
- USN report on captured Ki-61 (pdf file)
- Japanese website dedicated to the Tokkotai JAAF and JNAF
- virtual page about performance of Ki-61Kai Diarsipkan 2008-06-30 di Wayback Machine.
- Profile drawings and artwork on the Ki-61
- The Many Faces of Tony "5017" - Article on Ki-61-II-Kai production No. 5017, still in existence
- Ki-61-II Tony Manufacture Number 640 - Covers the discovery, recovery and restoration in some detail
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